Acne is a widespread skin condition traditionally linked to adolescents.

However, recent studies reveal a growing prevalence of acne among teenagers worldwide.

This increasing trend has drawn more attention to the condition, highlighting the need for greater awareness, preventive strategies, and effective treatments. Dr. Vidushi Jain, Dermatologist and Medical Head at Dermalinks, Noida and Ghaziabad, shares everything you need to know.

Puberty and Acne: The Connection

Pubertal acne is primarily triggered by hormonal changes that occur during adolescence. During this time, the body experiences a surge in androgens, like testosterone, which stimulates the sebaceous glands to become overactive. This leads to an excess production of sebum, a greasy substance that, when combined with dead skin cells, can clog pores and create an ideal environment for acne-causing bacteria to thrive.

Additional factors, such as stress, poor diet, and environmental conditions, can exacerbate the condition. Improper use of cosmetics and skincare products by teenagers, without proper guidance, also contributes to skin problems.

Why Is Pubertal Acne on the Rise?

Lifestyle and Diet Changes: Modern diets are often rich in processed foods, sugars, and dairy, all of which have been linked to the rise in acne cases. High sugar intake spikes insulin levels, which in turn increases oil production, worsening skin conditions.

Environmental Factors: Pollution and increased exposure to harmful UV radiation can irritate the skin, making acne breakouts worse. These environmental stressors contribute to the growing number of acne cases, especially in urban areas.

Screen Time and Stress: In today’s digital age, teenagers spend more time on screens, which leads to increased stress levels. Stress triggers the release of cortisol, a hormone that can aggravate acne symptoms.

Early Onset of Puberty: Studies suggest that puberty is starting earlier in modern generations, possibly due to changes in nutrition and lifestyle. This shift may contribute to the rise in acne cases among adolescents.

Emotional Impact of Acne: Acne doesn’t just affect appearance; it can deeply impact self-esteem and mental health. Persistent acne can lead to embarrassment, social withdrawal, and even anxiety or depression in severe cases. Addressing the emotional effects of acne is crucial, particularly for teenagers.

Steps to Tackle the Issue

Establish a Skincare Routine: A simple skincare routine, including washing the face twice a day with a gentle, non-comedogenic cleanser, can help remove excess oil and dirt, keeping acne at bay.

Seek Professional Help: For mild acne, over-the-counter treatments may be sufficient. However, for moderate to severe cases, it’s important to consult a dermatologist. Treatments may include topical retinoids, antibiotics, or hormonal therapy.

Watch Your Diet: Avoid high-glycemic foods and dairy, and incorporate antioxidants from fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids for healthier skin.

Manage Stress: Stress management techniques like exercise, meditation, and engaging in hobbies can reduce cortisol levels, potentially improving acne.

Educate on Product Usage: Teenagers should be educated on the proper use of skincare products and makeup. Non-comedogenic and oil-free products are less likely to clog pores and cause breakouts.

Raise Awareness: Parents, schools, and healthcare providers play a vital role in educating teenagers about acne, hormonal changes, and the importance of early treatment for effective management.